{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Nnorom, I. C.; Jarzyńska, G.; Drewnowska, M.; Dryżałowska, A.; Kojta, A.; Pankavec, S.; Falandysz, J.
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Major and trace elements in sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber-regium (Ósū) mushroom—Dietary intake and risk in southeastern Nigeria
{URL}: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S088915751200155X
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Journal of Food Composition and Analysis
{Volume}: 29
{Issue}: 1
{Pages}: 73-81
{Date Displayed}: 2013/2//
{Alternate Title}: Journal of Food Composition and Analysis
{ISBN/ISSN}: 0889-1575
{Keywords}: Mushroom; Pleurotus tuber-regium; Sclerotia; Heavy metals; Trace elements; Nigeria; Food safety; Food analysis; Food composition; Biodiversity and nutrition; Wild food (ósū)
{Abstract}: This paper presents the results of the determination of Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sr and Zn in 30 specimens of the sclerotia of Pleurotus tuber-regium mushroom from two markets in southeastern Nigeria. The elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The K and Mg contents ranged from 500 to 10,000 μg/g (dry weight), followed by Ca and Na ranging from 19 to 1700 μg/g. The median concentrations of Fe, Zn, Al, and Mn were generally >10 μg/g, followed by Rb, Cu, Sr, Ba, and P with median between 1.1 and 11 μg/g, while Cr, Ni, Ag, Co, and Cd were <1 μg/g. The Hg concentrations were between 0.0033 and 0.15 μg/g. The Pb (0.05–2.2 μg/g) and Cd (0.0027–0.16 μg/g) contents were below EU limits for these metals in fungi, and thus safe for human consumption. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the concentrations of Ba, Ca, Mg, P, Rb and Sr in sclerotia did not vary considerably, depending on the sampling location, as did Cd, Cu, and Mn. PCA also revealed that the Hg and Pb in sclerotia could be related to anthropogenic sources.

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Patra, Sukesh; Patra, Pradip; Maity, Kankan K.; Mandal, Soumitra; Bhunia, Sanjay K.; Dey, Biswajit; Devi, K. Sanjana P.; Khatua, Somanjana; Acharya, Krishnendu; Maiti, Tapas K.; Islam, Syed S.
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: A heteroglycan from the mycelia of Pleurotus ostreatus: Structure determination and study of antioxidant properties
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Place Published}: Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom
{Journal}: Carbohydrate Research
{Volume}: 368
{Pages}: 16-21
{Date Displayed}: 2013
{ISBN/ISSN}: 00086215
{Original Publication}: Elsevier Ltd
{Keywords}: Glucose; Alkylation; Chelation; Free radicals; Oxygen; Structure (composition)
{Abstract}: A heteroglycan (PS) isolated from the mycelia of Pleurotus ostreatus was found to consist of l-fucose, d-mannose, and d-glucose in a molar ratio of nearly 1:2:3. On the basis of acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, and NMR studies (1H, 13C, TOCSY, DQF-COSY, NOESY, ROESY, HSQC, HMBC, and DEPT), the structure of the repeating unit of the PS was determined. The repeating unit had a branched backbone composed of (16)-linked   and   d-glucose and (12)-linked -l-fucose. Branching occurred at C-4 position of (16)-linked -d-glucopyranosyl residue with terminal -d-mannose and C-3 position of (16)-linked -d-glucopyranosyl residue with (16)--d- mannopyranosyl moiety terminated by -d-glucose. The structure of the repeating unit of the PS was proposed as: 6)--D-Glcp-(16)- -D-Glcp-(12)--L-Fucp-(131-D-Glcp- (16)--D-Manp 41-D-Manp. The antioxidant properties of the PS were studied. The scavenging activity of hydroxyl free radicals whose EC50 value of PS at 943 g/mL was determined. Further, EC 50 value of the PS at 53 g/mL was observed for scavenging activity of superoxide free radicals. Chelating effects (54.82%) of ferrous ions were observed at 1 mg/mL of the PS.   2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
{Notes}: Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2013 Elsevier Inc.
20130716028413
Antioxidant properties
Heteroglycan
Mycelia
NMR studies
Pleurotus ostreatus
{Author Address}: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721102, West Bengal, India

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Pavlik, Martin; Pavlik, S.
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Wood decomposition activity of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) isolate in situ
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Place Published}: Slezska 7, Praha 2, 120 56, Czech Republic
{Journal}: Journal of Forest Science
{Volume}: 59
{Issue}: 1
{Pages}: 28-33
{Date Displayed}: 2013
{ISBN/ISSN}: 12124834
{Original Publication}: Institute of Agricultural and Food Information
{Keywords}: Shellfish; Fruits; Lead; Minerals; Molluscs
{Abstract}: The purpose of the research was to examine the decomposition rate of beech (Fagus sylvatica) and aspen (Populus tremula) logs after an oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) infection as well as the effect of fruit body formation on the chemical composition of wood. The highest mean value of biological efficiency (B.E.) was found on beech logs (29.05%), but relatively high values of B.E. were recorded also on aspen logs (21.69%). The average content of N was about 37% higher in inoculated logs than in the control (not inoculated) ones. The ash content was about 90% higher in inoculated logs. The content of the mineral elements Ca, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Al, B, and Mg had an increasing tendency in inoculated logs compared with control ones. The logs with minimal production of fruit bodies had the highest content of the mineral elements Pb, Al, Fe, Mg and P.
{Notes}: Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2013 Elsevier Inc.
20131116111216
Biological efficiency
Decomposition rate
Fruit body
Mineral element
Oyster mushroom
Pleurotus ostreatus
{Author Address}: Department of Forest Protection and Game Management, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovakia

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Atri, N.; Sharma, S. K.; Joshi, R.; Gulati, A.; Gulati, A.
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Nutritional and neutraceutical composition of five wild culinary-medicinal species of genus pleurotus (higher basidiomycetes) from northwest India
{URL}: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=23510284&query_hl=1
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Int J Med Mushrooms
{Volume}: 15
{Issue}: 1
{Pages}: 49-56
{Date Displayed}: 2013
{Date}: 2013-01-20
{Type of Work}: Journal Article
{Accession Number}: 23510284
{Abstract}: Five wild culinary-medicinal species of genus Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm. (P. floridanus Singer, P. pulmonarius (Fr.) Quel., P. sapidus Quel., P. cystidiosus O.K. Miller, and P. sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer), collected from different localities of Northwest India, were studied for their nutritional and nutraceutical composition. Composition analysis of nutrients involved determining proteins, fats, ash, fiber, and carbohydrates using standard biochemical techniques. Minerals were estimated by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer and toxic metals were determined by the Reinsch test method. The analysis of nutraceuticals included determination of sugars by high-performance liquid chromatography, fatty acids by gas chromatography, and antioxidants such as beta-carotene, lycopene, and total phenolic compounds with methanolic extract using a colorimetric assay.   In the samples analyzed, carbohydrates dominated over protein and other macronutrients. Carbohydrates ranged from 85.86 to 88.38%, protein 0.98 to 2.17%, crude fat 0.62 to 0.84%, crude fibers 2.76 to 3.12%, and ash content 1.03 to 2.20%. Macro- and microminerals (calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, copper, zinc, and iron) also were found in substantial amount, whereas toxic metals (lead, silver, arsenic, mercury, and antimony) were not detected. Three main sugars-sucrose (0.338-2.011%), glucose (0.553-0.791%), and xylose (0.01%)-were detected. Among fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty (37.17-68.29%) acids were documented in a higher proportion than saturated fatty acids (26.07-47.77%). In terms of antioxidant composition, all species contained ascorbic acid, phenols, carotene, and lycopene. Ascorbic acid content ranged from 0.46 to 0.49 mg/100 g,   total phenolic compounds ranged from 6.76 to 16.92 mg/100 g of gallic acid, beta-carotene ranged from 0.134 to 0.221 mug/100 g, and lycopene from 0.055 to 0   .075 mug/100 g.
{Author Address}: Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab-147002 (India).
{Language}: eng