{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Zheng, Li Ping; Gao, Li Wen; Zhou, Jian Qin; Sima, Yang Hu; Wang, Jian Wen
{Year}: 2008
{Title}: Antioxidant activity of aqueous extract of a Tolypocladium sp fungus isolated from wild Cordyceps sinensis
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
{Volume}: 7
{Issue}: 17
{Pages}: 3004-3010
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1684-5315
{Keywords}: SCIENTIFIC REDISCOVERY; IN-VITRO; EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE; POLYPHENOLS; MILITARIS; INONOTUS; RADICALS; CELLS; EPS2; Aqueous extracts; antioxidant activity; free radicals; PC12 cells; Tolypocladium sp.
{Abstract}: Tolypocladium sp. Ts-1 was isolated from the fruiting body of a wild Cordyceps sinensis, one of the best known traditional Chinese medicine and health foods. The antioxidant activities of hot-water extracts from cultured mycelia of Tolypocladium sp. were assessed in different in vitro systems. The extracts showed superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of 35.6 U/mg protein and are effective in scavenging superoxide radical in a concentration dependent fashion with IC50 value of 1.3 mg/mL. As a reinforcement of the action, similar radical scavenging effects of the extracts were also discerned with both site-specific and non site-specific hydroxyl radical using the deoxyribose assay method. 1,1-Diphenyl- 2-picrylhydracyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities of the extracts reached more than 75.2% at the concentrations of 3-6 mg/mL. The extracts showed moderate reducing power and ferrous ion chelating activity. Moreover, the protective effects of the extracts against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced lesion to rat PC12 cell (pheochromocytoma cell line) was observed in a dose-dependent manner from 0.25 to 2.0 mg/mL. Our results suggest that the aqueous extract of Tolypocladium sp. mycelium has strong antioxidant activities and is a potential source of natural antioxidant products. This is the first report on antioxidant activity of Tolypocladium fungus isolated from wild C. sinensis, an endangered species.
{Author Address}: Soochow Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Suzhou 215123, Peoples R China; Soochow Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Coll Med, Suzhou 215123, Peoples R China; Soochow Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Coll Med, Suzhou 215123, Peoples R China; Soochow Univ, Coll Med, Sch Preclin Med & Life Sci, Suzhou 215123, Peoples R China; Soochow Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Coll Med, Suzhou 215123, Peoples R China
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Peoples R China; Peoples R China; Peoples R China

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Vaithanomsat, Pilanee; Chedchant, Jirawate; Kreetachat, Torpong; Kosugi, Akihiko; Apiwatanapiwat, Waraporn; Thanapase, Warunee; Chuntranuluck, Sawitri; Mori, Yutaka
{Year}: 2012
{Title}: Improvement of lignin-degrading enzymes production from the white-rot fungus (Lentinus strigosus) and its application in synthetic dye removal
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: AFRICAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH
{Volume}: 6
{Issue}: 2
{Pages}: 267-278
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1996-0808
{Keywords}: MANGANESE PEROXIDASE-ACTIVITY; TAGUCHI DOE METHODOLOGY; BLUE-R DECOLORIZATION; PLEUROTUS-OSTREATUS; LACCASE PRODUCTION; PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; TEXTILE DYES; TRAMETES-VERSICOLOR; ENHANCED PRODUCTION; NITROGEN-SOURCES; Lentinus strigosus; white-rot fungus; laccase; manganese peroxidase; reactive dye
{Abstract}: Cultivation of Lentinus strigosus, a white-rot fungus producing a ligninolytic enzyme, in a simple medium indicated the production of Lac and MnP in the secondary growth phase. The aim of this study was to optimize the nutrient composition for Lac and MnP production as well as to investigate the removal of synthetic dyes by the strain. Preliminary study showed cellobiose and L-asparagine as the suitable nutrient sources for highest Lac and MnP production. To enhance the production of these enzymes, the L-9 Taguchi design was employed to optimize the culture medium composition. The optimized medium (1 L) containing 15 g cellobiose, 0.3125 g peptone, 1.2500 g L-asparagine and 0.002 g CuSO4 gave Lac and MnP activities of 33,955.83 and 3,764.57 UL-1, respectively. The data also suggested L-asparagine had the largest influence on enzymes production. Further study showed that 0.9375 gL(-1) L-asparagine was the best concentration, giving maximum Lac (35,977.76 UL-1) and MnP (1,838.49 UL-1) activities. Removal of different structural synthetic dyes by L. strigosus was investigated. Less than 6% RBBR remained following 48 h of fungal cultivation, whereas RB5 was more slowly removed, requiring 96 h for 98% removal. Maximum removal (82%) of Indigo 4B was achieved in 8 d which was the slowest among the tested dyes. Furthermore, it was found that the increasing percentage of dye removal was in accordance with the increase in enzymes activities. In summary, it was clear that L. strigosus efficiently removed these dyes, and Lac and MnP were considered as the major enzymes involved in this process.
{Author Address}: Kasetsart Univ, Kasetsart Agr & Agroind Prod Improvement Inst KAP, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Kasetsart Univ, Fac Agroind, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Phayao Univ, Fac Energy & Environm, Phayao 56000, Thailand; Japan Int Res Ctr Agr Sci JIRCAS, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058686, Japan; Kasetsart Univ, Kasetsart Agr & Agroind Prod Improvement Inst KAP, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Kasetsart Univ, Kasetsart Agr & Agroind Prod Improvement Inst KAP, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Kasetsart Univ, Fac Agroind, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Japan Int Res Ctr Agr Sci JIRCAS, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058686, Japan
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Thailand; Thailand; Thailand; Japan

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Songserm, Pajareeya; Sihanonth, Prakitsin; Sangvanich, Polkit; Karnchanatat, Aphichart
{Year}: 2012
{Title}: Decolorization of textile dyes by Polyporus pseudobetulinus and extracellular laccase
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: AFRICAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH
{Volume}: 6
{Issue}: 4
{Pages}: 779-792
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1996-0808
{Keywords}: WHITE-ROT FUNGI; SYNTHETIC DYES; THERMOSTABLE LACCASE; MANGANESE PEROXIDASE; PLEUROTUS-OSTREATUS; GANODERMA-LUCIDUM; TRAMETES-HIRSUTA; PURIFICATION; ENZYME; DECOLOURIZATION; Polyporus pseudobetulinus; white-rot fungi; Laccase; dye decolorization; synthetic dyes
{Abstract}: The objective of this study is to obtain new laccase and enzyme source with remarkable dye removal potential. Thirty isolates of white rot fungi were screened for extracellular laccase-production using 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) assay as indicator. Among these, Polyporus pseudobetulinus strain WR77 exhibits the highest laccase activity and its suitable enzyme production medium contains; 1% (w/v) rice chaff, 0.5 g/L di-ammonium tartrate, and 0.01 g/L peptone as the carbon; inorganic and organic nitrogen sources; respectively. The laccase was 60-fold concentrated (by ammonium sulphate precipitation, Q-sepharose anion-exchange chromatography, and Superdex G-75 gel filtration chromatography) and gave the specific activity of 617.12 U/mg. The MW of prepared enzyme is 75.2 kDa under SDS-PAGE determination. Empirical analyzing results indicate that the optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme are around 40 degrees C and pH 4, respectively. Furthermore, this enzyme can resist to wide pH range (4.0-11.0) with more than 95% maximum activity remained. The enzyme's K-m and V-max, with ABTS substrate, were 447.93 mu M and 104.17 mu mol/min/mg protein, respectively. The prepared enzyme was strongly inhibited by Hg2+ and Fe2+ but weakly (9.7%) stimulated by 10 mM Cu2+ ions. The strain WR77 shows good ability in decolorizing many synthetic dyes (200 mg/L initial concentration); Ambifix Blue H3R (98% in 8 days), Ambifix Yellow H3R (24% in 10 days) and Ambifix Red HE3B (50% in 18 days). The prepared laccase alone (5 U/ml) could decolorize Ambifix Blue H3R by 65% within 15 min and Malachite Green by 80% within 24 h. It can be concluded that new enzyme and source with satisfactory dye removal potential have been successfully achieved. Further studies should be attempted to evaluate their feasibility in industrial uses.
{Author Address}: Chulalongkorn Univ, Dept Microbiol, Fac Sci, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Chulalongkorn Univ, Dept Microbiol, Fac Sci, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Chulalongkorn Univ, Dept Chem, Fac Sci, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Chulalongkorn Univ, Inst Biotechnol & Genet Engn, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Thailand; Thailand; Thailand

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Kiran, Shumaila; Ali, Shaukat; Asgher, M.; Anwar, Farooq
{Year}: 2012
{Title}: Comparative study on decolorization of reactive dye 222 by white rot fungi Pleurotus ostreatus IBL-02 and Phanerochaete chrysosporium IBL-03
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: AFRICAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH
{Volume}: 6
{Issue}: 15
{Pages}: 3639-3650
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1996-0808
{Keywords}: AZO DYES; MANGANESE PEROXIDASE; SYNTHETIC DYES; DEGRADATION; LACCASE; LIGNIN; TOXICITY; Dye decolorization; white rot fungi; ligninolytic enzymes; process optimization
{Abstract}: White rot basidiomycetes have unique ability to decolorize synthetic industrial dyes. Initial experiment was performed with five locally isolated indigenous white rot species fungi S. commune IBL-01 (SC), P. ostreatus IBL-02 (PO) P. chrysosporium IBL-03 (PC), T. versicolor IBL-04 (TV) and G. lucidum IBL-05 (GL), for the selection of white rot fungal cultures based on their maximal decolorization potential. Based on the screening experiment, two white rot fungi P. ostreatus IBL-02 and P. chrysosporium IBL-03 (PC) showing maximum decolorization of dye under study were selected. A comparative study was conducted for the selected white rot fungi to get the maximum decolorization of synthetic azo dye. Different fermentation conditions and nutritional factors were optimized to enhance the efficiency of white rot fungal cultures for dye decolorization. Both cultures produced all the three major ligninolytic enzymes including lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganase peroxidase (MnP) and laccase which are responsible for decolorization process. Under optimum conditions fermentation conditions, P. ostreatus IBL-02 (PO) and P. chrysosporium IBL-03 (PC) decolorized the azo dye by 92.7 and 85.9%, respectively.
{Author Address}: Univ Agr Faisalabad, Dept Chem & Biochem, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Univ Agr Faisalabad, Dept Chem & Biochem, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Univ Agr Faisalabad, Dept Chem & Biochem, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Univ Agr Faisalabad, Dept Chem & Biochem, Faisalabad, Pakistan
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Pakistan