{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Patil, Virupaksh U.; Gopal, J.; Singh, B. P.
{Year}: 2012
{Title}: Improvement for Bacterial Wilt Resistance in Potato By Conventional and Biotechnological Approaches
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Place Published}: Barakhamba Road 110001, New Delhi, 110 001, India
{Journal}: Agricultural Research
{Volume}: 1
{Issue}: 4
{Pages}: 299-316
{Date Displayed}: 2012
{ISBN/ISSN}: 2249720X
{Original Publication}: Springer India
{Keywords}: Plants (botany); Bacteria; Biotechnology; Cultivation; Diagnosis; Genes; Pathogens
{Abstract}: Bacterial wilt (BW) of potato caused by the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs) is considered a serious problem particularly in tropical, subtropical and warm temperate regions. Chemical-, cultural- and biological control of BW has limited success. Thus, the control of BW through resistance breeding and biotechnology is considered to be very important and necessary. Rs is considered a 'species complex' and has significant variation at physiological, serological and genetic levels. The bacterium has an unusually wide host range with over 400 hosts belonging to more than 50 botanical families. A large number of Solanum species have been screened for resistance to this bacterium, but so far no Solanum species has been found to have complete immunity. A high degree of resistance to Rs was found only in S. phureja, a diploid relative of cultivated tetraploid potatoes. The resistance has been transferred from S. phureja to cultivated potatoes through introgression breeding as well as somatic hybridization. Although moderate to highly resistant potato varieties have been released, high frequency of latent infection in tubers is still a major problem. Further, the resistant cultivars are not adapted to different agro-climatic zones and are not effective against all the strains of the pathogen. Biotechnological approaches involving the use of antimicrobial peptides, plant defence genes and plant resistance genes are being tried. This paper reviews the global situation with regard to screening of genetic resources and their utilization in resistance breeding for BW in potato and also the status and the opportunities that biotechnology offers to combat this disease.   2012 NAAS (National Academy of Agricultural Sciences).
{Notes}: Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2013 Elsevier Inc.
20131016083439
Breeding
Brown rot
Genetics
Potato
Ralstonia solanacearum
Solanum spp
Transgenics
{Author Address}: Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Crop Improvement, Central Potato Research Institute, Bemloe, Shimla, 171 001 Himachal Pradesh, India

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: LI, Nan-yi; CAI, Wei-ming; JIN, Qun-li; QIN, Qiao-ping; RAN, Fu-lai
{Year}: 2011
{Title}: Molecular Cloning and Expression of Polyphenoloxidase Genes from the Mushroom, Agaricus bisporus
{URL}: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1671292709603059
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Agricultural Sciences in China
{Volume}: 10
{Issue}: 2
{Pages}: 185-194
{Date Displayed}: 2011/2//
{Alternate Title}: Agricultural Sciences in China
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1671-2927
{Keywords}: polyphenoloxidase; Agaricus bisporus; tyrosinase; promoter; browning
{Abstract}: The polyphenoloxidase (PPO) is the key enzyme considered to be responsible for mushroom browning. By using homology cloning and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), two new PPO genes and the corresponding cDNA were identified from the fruit bodies of Agaricus bisporus (AbPPO3 and AbPPO4, GenBank accession nos. GU936494 and GU936493, respectively). The genomic DNA sequences of AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 are 2 080 and 2 189 bp in length, respectively, encoding putative polypeptides of approximately 66 and 68 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequences show characteristic features of two copper-binding domains conserved in the type III copper proteins including fungal polyphenol oxidases. Sequence comparisons indicate that AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 present 55.3% similarity to each other (48% identity). We also obtained more than 1.5-kb long sequences upstream of the start codon of the AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 and recognized them as their respective putative promoters. Analyses of the two PPO promoter regions show that they contain abundant cis-acting elements which are probably responsible for anaerobic induction, light, wound, stress, and auxin response. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR results indicate that AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 were highly expressed in the mature fruit bodies and up-regulated after 2-d storage of mushroom. These results suggest that AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 may play roles in A. bisporus, browning and pigmentation during development and postharvest storage and the elements in promoters may act as regulatory elements for the inducible expression of AbPPO3 and AbPPO4. The successful cloning and expression analysis of AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 warrant a further investigation on the structure and function of A. bisporus PPO which points to the possible targets for genetic manipulation.

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Li, Nan-yi; Cai, Wei-ming; Jin, Qun-li; Qin, Qiao-ping; Ran, Fu-lai
{Year}: 2011
{Title}: Molecular Cloning and Expression of Polyphenoloxidase Genes from the Mushroom, Agaricus bisporus
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES IN CHINA
{Volume}: 10
{Issue}: 2
{Number}: WOS:000287644200004
{Pages}: 185-194
{Cited Count}: 1
{Date Displayed}: 2011
FEB 20 2011
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1671-2927
{Abstract}: The polyphenoloxidase (PPO) is the key enzyme considered to be responsible for mushroom browning. By using homology cloning and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), two new PPO genes and the corresponding cDNA were identified from the fruit bodies of Agaricus bisporus (AbPPO3 and AbPPO4, GenBank accession nos. GU936494 and GU936493, respectively). The genomic DNA sequences of AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 are 2 080 and 2 189 bp in length, respectively, encoding putative polypeptides of approximately 66 and 68 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequences show characteristic features of two copper-binding domains conserved in the type III copper proteins including fungal polyphenol oxidases. Sequence comparisons indicate that AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 present 55.3% similarity to each other (48% identity). We also obtained more than 1.5-kb long sequences upstream of the start codon of the AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 and recognized them as their respective putative promoters. Analyses of the two PPO promoter regions show that they contain abundant cis-acting elements which are probably responsible for anaerobic induction, light, wound, stress, and auxin response. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR results indicate that AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 were highly expressed in the mature fruit bodies and upregulated after 2-d storage of mushroom. These results suggest that AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 may play roles in A. bisporus browning and pigmentation during development and postharvest storage and the elements in promoters may act as regulatory elements for the inducible expression of AbPPO3 and AbPPO4. The successful cloning and expression analysis of AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 warrant a further investigation on the structure and function of A. bisporus PPO which points to the possible targets for genetic manipulation.

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Nan-yi, Li; Wei-ming, Cai; Qun-li, Jin; Qiao-ping, Qin; Fu-lai, Ran
{Year}: 2011
{Title}: Molecular Cloning and Expression of Polyphenoloxidase Genes from the Mushroom, Agaricus bisporus
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES IN CHINA
{Volume}: 10
{Issue}: 2
{Pages}: 185-194
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1671-2927
{Keywords}: FUNGAL TYROSINASES; OXIDASE PPO; SEQUENCE; PROTEIN; CDNAS; WHEAT; RNA; polyphenoloxidase; Agaricus bisporus; tyrosinase; promoter; browning
{Abstract}: The polyphenoloxidase (PPO) is the key enzyme considered to be responsible for mushroom browning. By using homology cloning and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), two new PPO genes and the corresponding cDNA were identified from the fruit bodies of Agaricus bisporus (AbPPO3 and AbPPO4, GenBank accession nos. GU936494 and GU936493, respectively). The genomic DNA sequences of AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 are 2 080 and 2 189 bp in length, respectively, encoding putative polypeptides of approximately 66 and 68 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequences show characteristic features of two copper-binding domains conserved in the type III copper proteins including fungal polyphenol oxidases. Sequence comparisons indicate that AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 present 55.3% similarity to each other (48% identity). We also obtained more than 1.5-kb long sequences upstream of the start codon of the AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 and recognized them as their respective putative promoters. Analyses of the two PPO promoter regions show that they contain abundant cis-acting elements which are probably responsible for anaerobic induction, light, wound, stress, and auxin response. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR results indicate that AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 were highly expressed in the mature fruit bodies and upregulated after 2-d storage of mushroom. These results suggest that AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 may play roles in A. bisporus browning and pigmentation during development and postharvest storage and the elements in promoters may act as regulatory elements for the inducible expression of AbPPO3 and AbPPO4. The successful cloning and expression analysis of AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 warrant a further investigation on the structure and function of A. bisporus PPO which points to the possible targets for genetic manipulation.
{Author Address}: Zhejiang Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Agr & Food Sci, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, Peoples R China; Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Hort, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, Peoples R China; Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Hort, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, Peoples R China; Zhejiang Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Agr & Food Sci, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, Peoples R China; Univ Ave, Odessa Coll, Odessa, TX 79764 USA
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Peoples R China; Peoples R China; USA