{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Ochoa-Zarzosa, Alejandra; Soledad Vazquez-Garciduenas, Ma; Robinson-Fuentes, Virginia A.; Vazquez-Marrufo, Gerardo
{Year}: 2011
{Title}: Antibacterial and cytotoxic activity from basidiocarp extracts of the edible mushroom Lactarius indigo (Schw.) Fr. (Russulaceae)
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY
{Volume}: 5
{Issue}: 2
{Pages}: 281-288
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1996-0816
{Keywords}: ALCOHOLS IN-VITRO; SESQUITERPENOID ALCOHOLS; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; GANODERMA-LUCIDUM; HUMAN BREAST; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; PLEUROTUS-OSTREATUS; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; NORTH-AMERICA; Lactarius indigo extracts; antibacterial activity; cytotoxic activity
{Abstract}: Aqueous and organic basidiocarp extracts of the edible mushroom Lactarius indigo were evaluated for their antibacterial and cytotoxic effects. 10, 20 and 30 mg of organic extracts were tested against diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains (EIEC, EPEC, ETEC-LT and ETEC-ST), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica. 10 mg of hexane extract showed activity against ETEC-LT (18.8 mm zone of inhibition) and P. aeruginosa (10.5 mm). All levels of the ethyl acetate extract inhibited all the strains, with stronger activity against EIEC (19.0 mm) and P. aeruginosa (21.0 mm) at 30 mg. Methanol extract inhibited all bacterial growth, but E. cloacae. 100 mu g/ml of aqueous extract showed antiproliferative activity against MCF7 cells, but not on HeLa, A549 and normal bovine mammary epithelium cells. Methanol and ethyl acetate extracts inhibited proliferation of HeLa cells (50 to 1000 ng/ml) but increased proliferation of A549 (100 ng/ml), as did methanol extract (500 ng/ml). Methanol extract did not inhibit normal rabbit serum fibroblast cells, while hexane and ethyl acetate extracts showed an inhibitory effect with 50 and 100 ng/ml, respectively, less than in proliferation of HeLa cells. These results show that L. indigo basidiocarps contain substances with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities.
{Author Address}: Univ Michoacana, Ctr Multidisciplinario Estudios Biotecnol, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico; Univ Michoacana, Div Estudios Posgrado, Fac Ciencias Med & Biol Dr Ignacio Chavez, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico; Univ Michoacana, Div Estudios Posgrado, Fac Ciencias Med & Biol Dr Ignacio Chavez, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico; Univ Michoacana, Ctr Multidisciplinario Estudios Biotecnol, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Mexico; Mexico

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Li, Bo; Lu, Fei; Suo, Xiao-Min
{Year}: 2010
{Title}: Glucose lowering activity of Coprinus comatus
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: AGRO FOOD INDUSTRY HI-TECH
{Volume}: 21
{Issue}: 3
{Pages}: 15-17
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1722-6996
{Keywords}: MICE; Caprinus comatus; glucose lowering activity; stipe; polysaccharide
{Abstract}: The glucose lowering activities of five extracts from the stipe of Caprinus comatus were studied, as were the fruit bodies of C. comatus - separated into stipe and cap, then dried and milled to obtain stipe powder and cap powder. Ethanol extract, water-soluble polysaccharide, alkali-soluble polysaccharide, protein and crude fibre were extracted from stipe powder, and their glucose lowering activities were investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The seven experimental groups were given an extract, stipe powder or cap powder (300 mg/kg po daily) for 28 days. The results showed that water-soluble polysaccharide presented the best glucose lowering activity in five extracts and it can almost decrease the blood glucose of diabetic mice to a level of normal mice after 28 days. Cap powder was most effective with glucose lowering activity, for its efficacy was evident within 7 days. Therefore, water-soluble polysaccharide of stipe or the cap powder of C. comatus can be developed as potential oral hypoglycemic agents or functional foods in the control of diabetes mellitus.
{Author Address}: Henan Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Food Sci, Xinxiang 453003, Peoples R China; Henan Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Food Sci, Xinxiang 453003, Peoples R China; Henan Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Food Sci, Xinxiang 453003, Peoples R China; Huazhong Agr Univ, Sch Food Sci, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Peoples R China; Peoples R China

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Pelaez-Acero, Armando; Meneses-Mayo, Marcos; Alberto Miranda-Romero, L.; Ayala-Martinez, Maricela; Magdalena Crosby-Galvan, M.; Loera-Corral, Octavio; Dolores Megias-Rivas, M.
{Year}: 2011
{Title}: FIBROLYTIC ENZYMES PRODUCED BY SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION TO IMPROVE SUGAR CANE SILAGE
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: AGROCIENCIA
{Volume}: 45
{Issue}: 6
{Pages}: 675-685
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1405-3195
{Keywords}: CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; COLORIMETRIC METHOD; AEROBIC STABILITY; GAS-PRODUCTION; DIGESTIBILITY; SUBSTRATE; MUSHROOM; GROWTH; STRAW; ADDITIVES; Pleurotus sapidus; cellulases; laccases; xylanases; fiber digestibility
{Abstract}: Grasses and forages are the principal food source for bovines in the tropic, but forage production varies in quality and quantity throughout the year, directly affecting cattle productivity. An alternative in dry seasons is the use of sugar cane (SC), however it has both low digestibility (20 %) and protein (2.5 to 4.5 %), and also a mineral imbalance. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the use of whole SC in a biotechnological process of solid state fermentation (SSF) with a white rot fungus (Pleurotus sapidus). An evaluation was made of the chemical composition of the SSF on day 0 (CF-0) and 15 (CF-15) and the values of IVDMD, TP, NDF and ADF were: 1) for CF-0, 59.17, 2.53, 50.18 and 31.80 %; 2) for CF-15, 65.08, 6.23, 74.24 and 60.84 To. The enzymatic activity of cellulases, xylanases and laccases was evaluated only for CF-15: 1.96, 2.08 and 5.25 IU g(-1) DM. The whole SC silage included 0, 10 and 20 % of CF-15 and changes were evaluated in its chemical composition at 0, 8 and 16 d of silage. At 16 d the silage presented pH 4.2 and increase (p <= 0.05) of lactic acid, acetic acid and NH(3)-N; in the treatment with 20 % CF-15 there was higher (p <= 0.05) IVDMD (69.19 %) and maximum volume of in vitro gas production (207.09 mL mg(-1) DM). The analysis of the results suggests that solid ferments can be included with P sapidus to improve the IVDMD and the fermentative variables of whole SC silage.
{Author Address}: Univ Autonoma Estado de Hidalgo, Area Acad Med Vet & Zootecnia, Inst Ciencias Agropecuarias, Tulancingo 43600, Estado De Hidal, Mexico; Colegio Postgrad, Montecillo 56230, Estado De Mexic, Mexico; Univ Anahuac Mexico Norte, Fac Ciencias Salud Nutr, Huixquilucan 52786, Estado De Mexic, Mexico; Univ Autonoma Chapingo, Chapingo 56235, Estado De Mexic, Mexico; Univ Autonoma Estado de Hidalgo, Area Acad Med Vet & Zootecnia, Inst Ciencias Agropecuarias, Tulancingo 43600, Estado De Hidal, Mexico; Colegio Postgrad, Montecillo 56230, Estado De Mexic, Mexico; Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Dept Biotecnol, Mexico City 09340, DF, Mexico; Univ Murcia, Dept Anim Prod, Fac Vet, E-30071 Murcia, Spain
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Mexico; Mexico; Mexico; Mexico; Mexico; Spain

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Villegas-Castaneda, Marcela; Meneses-Mayo, Marcos; Miranda-Romero, Luis A.; Loera-Corral, Octavio
{Year}: 2010
{Title}: In vitro GAS PRODUCTION AND DRY MATTER DISSAPEARANCE OF SOLID CULTURE WITH LIGNINOLYTIC FUNGI
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: AGROCIENCIA
{Volume}: 44
{Issue}: 8
{Pages}: 917-929
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1405-3195
{Keywords}: EXOGENOUS FIBROLYTIC ENZYMES; WHITE-ROT FUNGI; RUMINANT FEEDS; MICROBIAL FERMENTATION; PRESSURE TRANSDUCER; RUMEN; DIGESTIBILITY; DEGRADATION; KINETICS; MODELS; Fomes fomentarius EUM1; Pleurotus sapidus; digestibility; sorghum straw
{Abstract}: Sorghum straw, an abundant agricultural by-product in Mexico, used as food for ruminants, has low digestibility, which is why several methods are used to increase its quality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro fermentative characteristics of solid culture of sorghum straw treated or untreated calcium with hyroxide Ca(OH)(2) and fermented for 20 d with the Pleurotus sapidus and Fomes fomentarius EUM1 fungi. The in vitro gas production technique was used, and Vmax was measured, along with S, L, dissapearance of dry matter, VFA and NH3-N. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design and means were compared using contrasts. The treatment with Ca(OH)(2) showed the best production of fractional gas (p <= 0.05) from 0 to 40 h of fermentation and Vmax (382.10 mL g(-1)). The treatment with F. fomentarius EUM1 and Ca(OH)(2) showed the best Vmax (311.51 and 281.20 nit g(-1)) in comparison with P sapidus and Ca(OH)2 (217.75 and 264.75 mL g). Likewise, P sapidus increased the formation of microbial biomass (p <= 0.01) and F. fomentarius EUM1 increased the production of acetic acid 24 h (p <= 0.01). The conclusion was that the treatment with Ca(OH)(2) improved fermentative characteristics of the straw, and the threatrnent with fungi influenced the formation of microbial mass. Also, there was no synergism in the combined treatment.
{Author Address}: Colegio Posgrad, Montecillo 56230, Estado Mexico, Mexico; Colegio Posgrad, Montecillo 56230, Estado Mexico, Mexico; Univ Anahuac, Fac Ciencias Salud Nutr, Huixquilucan 52786, Estado Mexico, Mexico; Univ Autonoma Chapingo, Chapingo 56230, Estado Mexico, Mexico; Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Dept Biotechnol, Colonia Vicentina 09430, Delegac Iztapal, Mexico
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Mexico; Mexico; Mexico; Mexico