{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Li, Rong; Zhao, Yu; Jiang, Xiaolu
{Year}: 2011
{Title}: Chemical composition of Hirsutella beakdumountainsis, a potential substitute for Cordyceps sinensis
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
{Volume}: 10
{Issue}: 72
{Pages}: 16286-16292
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1684-5315
{Keywords}: CULTURED CORDYCEPS; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; NUCLEOSIDES; MEDICINE; MYCELIUM; BASES; Hirsutella beakdumountainsis; Cordyceps sinensis; protein; amino acid; nucleoside; D-mannitol
{Abstract}: A strain of Hirsutella beakdumountainsis parasitized on Antheraea pernyi pupa was isolated from the fruiting body. The objective of this work was to optimize the artificial cultivation condition for the fruiting bodies of H. beakdumountainsis and compare the compositions of natural fruiting bodies of Cordyceps sinensis (NFCS), mycelia from shake culture (SCHS) and the fruiting bodies from artificial cultivation (ACHS) of H. beakdumountainsis. The crude protein of NFCS accounted for 22.97%; obviously lower than those of SCHS (27.99%) and ACHS (31.89%). The contents of total and essential amino acids were in the following descending order: SCHS>ACHS>NFCS, respectively. The total content of five nucleosides in SCHS (16.82 mg/g) was significantly higher than those of NFCS (5.08 mg/g) and ACHS (4.45 mg/g). The content of D-mannitol in NFCS, SCHS and ACHS was 8.9, 11.5 and 10.2%, respectively. The above results suggest that H. beakdumountainsis can probably be used as a substitute for C. sinensis.
{Author Address}: Ocean Univ China, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Qingdao 266003, Peoples R China; Tsingtao Brewery Co Ltd, Qingdao 266000, Peoples R China; Ocean Univ China, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Qingdao 266003, Peoples R China; Ocean Univ China, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Qingdao 266003, Peoples R China
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Peoples R China; Peoples R China; Peoples R China

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Akinfemi, A.; Adu, O. A.; Doherty, F.
{Year}: 2010
{Title}: Conversion of sorghum stover into animal feed with white-rot fungi: Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus pulmonarius
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{Star}: 0
{Journal}: AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
{Volume}: 9
{Issue}: 11
{Pages}: 1706-1712
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1684-5315
{Keywords}: VITRO GAS-PRODUCTION; CHAIN FATTY-ACID; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; RUMEN DEGRADATION; DEGRADABILITY; ROUGHAGES; FRACTIONS; MUSHROOM; BROWSES; Chemical composition; crop residues; in vitro digestibility; solid state fermentation; sorghum stover; white-rot fungi
{Abstract}: Treatment of crop residues with some species of white-rot fungi can enhance the nutritive value. After the fungal treatment of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) stover with two white-rot fungi in a solid state fermentation, the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of the resultant substrate was determined. The results show a significant (p < 0.05) increase in crude protein contents from 2.54% for the control to 4.51% for Pleurotus ostreatus (POS) and 4.59% for Pleurotus sajor pulmonarius (PPT). The nitrogen free extract (NFE) content also increased significantly (p < 0.05). The crude fibre decreased significantly from 31.65% for the control to 27.49% for POS and 23.54% for PPS. There were also consistent significant decreases (p < 0.05) in the values obtained for NDF, ADF ADL. Significant differences were also observed in the hemicellulose and cellulose contents. Fermentation of the insoluble fraction (b) was enhanced by the fungal treatment. Wide variations were also observed in the mineral contents of the different substrates The estimated organic matter digestibility (OMD) ranged from 42.99 to 57.75%, short chain fatty acid ranged from 0.56 to 0.94 mu M and metabolisable energy (ME) ranged from 5.97 to 8.21 MJ/Kg DM. This result suggests that fungal treatment of sorghum stover resulted in improved CP and digestibility, hence its potential in ruminant nutrition.
{Author Address}: Nasarawa State Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Anim Sci, Shabu Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria; Fed Univ Technol Akure, Dept Anim Prod & Hlth, Akure, Nigeria; Yaba Coll Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Lagos, Nigeria
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Nigeria; Nigeria; Nigeria

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Alemawor, Francis; Dzogbefia, Victoria P.; Oldham, James H.; Oddoye, Emmanuel O. K.
{Year}: 2009
{Title}: Effect of Pleurotus ostreatus fermentation on cocoa pod husk composition: Influence of fermentation period and Mn2+ supplementation on the fermentation process
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
{Volume}: 8
{Issue}: 9
{Pages}: 1950-1958
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1684-5315
{Keywords}: WHITE-ROT FUNGI; GRAVIMETRIC-DETERMINATION; MANGANESE; DEGRADATION; LIGNIN; BIOCONVERSION; STRAW; Agro-industrial by-product; bioconversion; cocoa pod husk; manganese (II) ions; non-starch polysaccharides; Pleurotus ostreatus solid-state fermentation
{Abstract}: Cocoa pod husk (CPH) is a major agro-industrial residue in Ghana with a potential value as a low-cost unconventional feedstuff for livestock. However, its effective use is limited by poor nutrient composition, mainly due to its high lignocellulose or fibre and also low protein levels. White-rot fungi such as Pleurotus species are bio-catalytic systems for bioconversion processes such as the bioconversion of lignocellulose materials into value-added products including nutritious animal feed. Presence of metals such as manganese (II) ions is reported to enhance fungal enzyme activity in the bioconversion of industrial lignocellulosic residues. The current study investigated the viability of using and optimising a fermentation process involving edible oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) as biocatalyst to improve the nutritional status of CPH. Fermentation period and level of manganese (Mn2+) ion supplementation of CPH were the two major factors of the fermentation process evaluated and optimised in this study. Mn supplementation was critical in producing a positive bioconversion effect on CPH by P. ostreatus. Five (5) weeks of P. ostreatus solid-state fermentation of CPH amended with MnCl2 at 0.075% (w/w) concentration, was observed as an economic and optimum treatment to produce positive and significant (P < 0.05) changes in CPH composition, i.e. 36% increment in crude protein and total soluble carbohydrates; 17% reduction in crude fibre and lignin as well as 88% reduction in total tannins.
{Author Address}: Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biochem & Biotechnol, Kumasi, Ghana; Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biochem & Biotechnol, Kumasi, Ghana; Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biochem & Biotechnol, Kumasi, Ghana; Cocoa Res Inst, New Tafo Akim, Ghana
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Ghana; Ghana

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Dundar, Abdurrahman; Acay, Hilal; Yildiz, Abdunnasir
{Year}: 2009
{Title}: Effect of using different lignocellulosic wastes for cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. on mushroom yield, chemical composition and nutritional value
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
{Volume}: 8
{Issue}: 4
{Pages}: 662-666
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1684-5315
{Keywords}: AGRICULTURAL WASTES; EDIBLE MUSHROOMS; QUALITY; SINGER; STRAINS; Pleurotus ostreatus; amino acid; chemical composition; nutritional value; lignocellulosic wastes
{Abstract}: In this study, the mushroom yield, chemical composition and nutritional value of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. cultivated in wheat stalk (WS), millet stalk (MS), soybean stalk (SS) and cotton stalk (CS) were determined. Fresh mushroom yield amounts (100 g of substrate, 70% moisture) obtained from WS, CS, MS and SS substrate media were 17.9, 14.3, 22.7 and 31.5 g, respectively. Samples of mushroom cultivated on different culture mediums were analysed for protein, energy, ash, fat, dietary fibre, carbohydrate, moisture, vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, pyridoxin and niacin) and amino acid contents.
{Author Address}: Dicle Univ, Inst Sci, Dept Biol, TR-21280 Diyarbakir, Turkey; Dicle Univ, Inst Sci, Dept Biol, TR-21280 Diyarbakir, Turkey; Dicle Univ, Fac Sci & Arts, Dept Biol, TR-21280 Diyarbakir, Turkey
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Turkey; Turkey