{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Dalonso, N.; Souza, R.; Silveira, M. L.; Ruzza, A. A.; Wagner, T. M.; Wisbeck, E.; Furlan, S. A.
{Year}: 2010
{Title}: Characterization and antineoplasic effect of extracts obtained from Pleurotus sajor-caju fruiting bodies
{URL}: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=19507058&query_hl=1
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Appl Biochem Biotechnol
{Volume}: 160
{Issue}: 8
{Pages}: 2265-74
{DOI}: 10.1007/s12010-009-8678-9
{Date Displayed}: 2010 Apr
{Date}: 2010-04-01
{Type of Work}: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
{Accession Number}: 19507058
{Keywords}: Adult; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry/*therapeutic use; Body Weight; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/*drug therapy/pathology; Cell Extracts/chemistry/*therapeutic use; Child; Female; Fruiting Bodies, Fungal/*chemistry; Humans; Mice; Neoplasm Transplantation; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; *Pleurotus/chemistry/cytology; Polysaccharides/chemistry/therapeutic use; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
{Abstract}: Fungi of the Pleurotus genus present a great industrial interest due to their possibility of producing pharmacological compounds, pigments, aromas, organic acids, polysaccharides, enzymes, vitamins, amino acids, etc. Among the therapeutic products, we can highlight those with antineoplasic activity, attributed to the fungi cell wall components. Based on this, the objective of this work was to study the antineoplasic capacity of the polysaccharidic fractions obtained from Pleurotus sajor-caju fruiting bodies. Female Swiss mice were inoculated with the Ehrlich ascitic tumor (5 x 10(6) cells/animal) in ascitic form. The polysaccharidic fractions were administered intraperitoneally,   during a 6-day period. Fractions FI and FII presented a lower volume of ascitic liquid (3.1 and 1.8 mL, respectively) and a higher reduction in the number of neoplasic cells present in the ascitic liquid (86.2% and 85%, respectively), when compared to the positive control (group inoculated with the tumor but without treatment). These fractions were characterized in terms of monosaccharide composition. Glucose was the major component detected, followed by galactose and   mannose. The anomeric carbon configuration of the beta-glucan was confirmed by the (13)C NMR (delta 103.7). Substituted and free C3 and C6 were also detected. Protein bands were confirmed through infrared analysis.
{Author Address}: University of the Region of Joinville-UNIVILLE, Campus Universitario, s/n Bom Retiro, 89201-974, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
{Language}: eng

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Wolff, E. R.; Wisbeck, E.; Silveira, M. L.; Gern, R. M.; Pinho, M. S.; Furlan, S. A.
{Year}: 2008
{Title}: Antimicrobial and antineoplasic activity of Pleurotus ostreatus
{URL}: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=18830827&query_hl=1
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Appl Biochem Biotechnol
{Volume}: 151
{Issue}: 2-3
{Pages}: 402-12
{DOI}: 10.1007/s12010-008-8208-1
{Date Displayed}: 2008 Dec
{Date}: 2008-12-01
{Type of Work}: Evaluation Studies; Journal Article
{Accession Number}: 18830827
{Keywords}: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents/*pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents/*pharmacology; Bacillus subtilis/drug effects; Candida albicans/*drug effects; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/drug therapy; Escherichia coli/drug effects; Female; Fruiting Bodies, Fungal; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycelium; *Pleurotus; Rats
{Abstract}: The objectives of this work were to evaluate the antimicrobial and antineoplasic   activity of Pleurotus ostreatus DSM 1833. To study the antimicrobial activity, the following extracts were prepared: water infusion of the fresh fruiting bodies (B1), dehydrated fruiting bodies (B2), fresh mycelium (M1), and dehydrated mycelium (M2). Polysaccharides from the fresh mycelium were also obtained by water infusion followed by ethanol treatment (EP). The extracts were tested against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus subtilis. To investigate the antineoplasic effect of P. ostreatus, the culture broth in natura, the extract from the culture broth (ECB), and the extract from the fruiting bodies were tested in female Swiss albino mice inoculated with the Ehrlich ascitic tumor (EAT). B1, B2, and M1 showed more than 50.0% inhibition against C. albicans. M2 presented a high degree of inhibition against E. coli (87.5%) and B. subtilis (57.5%), while EP was not effective. All the tested substances inhibited the development of EAT at levels near 70% when injected intraperitoneally in mice. The highest tumor inhibition (76%) was achieved for the treatment with ECB. The intragastric treatment did not promote any reduction in tumor cell development, independent of the test substance.
{Author Address}: University of the Region of Joinville-UNIVILLE, Campus Universitario, Joinville,   SC, Brazil.
{Language}: eng

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Lavi, I.; Levinson, D.; Peri, I.; Tekoah, Y.; Hadar, Y.; Schwartz, B.
{Year}: 2010
{Title}: Chemical characterization, antiproliferative and antiadhesive properties of polysaccharides extracted from Pleurotus pulmonarius mycelium and fruiting bodies
{URL}: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=19830415&query_hl=1
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
{Volume}: 85
{Issue}: 6
{Pages}: 1977-90
{DOI}: 10.1007/s00253-009-2296-x
{Date Displayed}: 2010 Feb
{Date}: 2010-02-01
{Type of Work}: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
{Accession Number}: 19830415
{Keywords}: *Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry/isolation & purification/pharmacology; Caco-2 Cells; Cell Adhesion/drug effects; Cell Proliferation/drug effects; *Complex Mixtures/chemistry/isolation & purification/pharmacology; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Endothelial Cells/metabolism; Fruiting Bodies, Fungal/*chemistry; Humans; Mycelium/*chemistry; Pleurotus/*chemistry; *Polysaccharides/chemistry/isolation & purification/pharmacology; Time Factors
{Abstract}: Mushroom polysaccharides are potent substances that exhibit antitumor and immunomodulatory properties. Studies comparing the chemical composition and antitumor-related activities of polysaccharides released by fungal strains under   different growth conditions are not available. Thus, the present study compared polysaccharides extracts produced by Pleurotus pulmonarius from mycelium grown in liquid culture (ME) or fruiting bodies (FBE). Polysaccharides of both ME and FBE   had a relatively high molecular mass. NMR spectroscopy indicated that ME glucan is an alpha-glucan whereas FBE glucan is a mixture of both alpha- and beta-glucans. Glucose and galactose where the most prominent monosaccharide in both glucans. Treatment of several colon cancer cell lines expressing varying amounts of galectin-3 with the two fungal glucans inhibited their viability and significantly reduced their ability to adhere to the key component of the extracellular matrix, fibronectin, and to a human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayer, in a time- and dose-dependent manner mainly in those cell lines expressing high amounts of galectin-3. We conclude that ME and FBE glucans may exert a direct antiproliferative effect on cancer cells expressing high galectin-3 concentrations and concomitantly downregulate tumor cell adherence, the latter being directly related to cancer progression and metastasis.
{Author Address}: Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
{Language}: eng

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Yoon, T. J.; Yu, K. W.; Shin, K. S.; Suh, H. J.
{Year}: 2008
{Title}: Innate immune stimulation of exo-polymers prepared from Cordyceps sinensis by submerged culture
{URL}: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=18690428&query_hl=1
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
{Volume}: 80
{Issue}: 6
{Pages}: 1087-93
{DOI}: 10.1007/s00253-008-1607-y
{Date Displayed}: 2008 Oct
{Date}: 2008-10-01
{Type of Work}: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
{Accession Number}: 18690428
{Keywords}: Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Cordyceps/*immunology/*metabolism; Female; Immunity, Innate/*drug effects; Immunologic Factors/*isolation & purification/*metabolism/pharmacology; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology; Leukocyte Reduction Procedures; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neoplasm Metastasis/*prevention & control; Neoplasms/immunology; Polymers/*isolation & purification/*metabolism/pharmacology
{Abstract}: After we prepared exo-polymers (EPS) from Cordyceps sinensis by submerged culture, prophylactic intravenous administration (i.v.) of EPS significantly inhibited metastasis in experimental lung metastasis of colon 26-M3.1 carcinoma.   Cytotoxicity against Yac-1 tumor cells of natural killer (NK) cell, which was prepared by i.v. of EPS (100 mug/mouse), significantly augmented 2 days after EPS treatment. When NK cells were depleted by rabbit anti-asialo GM1 serum, even the   EPS group totally abolished the inhibitory effect on lung metastasis of colon 26-M3.1 cells. EPS can stimulate innate immune system to inhibit tumor metastasis, and its anti-tumor metastasis is associated with macrophage and NK cell activation.
{Author Address}: Department of Food and Nutrition, Yuhan College, Bucheon, South Korea.
{Language}: eng