{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Yim, H. S.; Chye, F. Y.; Mah, S. Y.; Sia, C. M.; Samuagam, L.; Ho, C. W.
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Activity-Guided Fractionation and Evaluation of Potent Antioxidants from Extract   of Angel Wings Mushroom, Pleurotus porrigens (Higher Basidiomycetes)
{URL}: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=23510280&query_hl=1
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Int J Med Mushrooms
{Volume}: 15
{Issue}: 1
{Pages}: 9-19
{Date Displayed}: 2013
{Date}: 2013-01-20
{Type of Work}: Journal Article
{Accession Number}: 23510280
{Abstract}: Pleurotus porrigens is a well-known edible, wild mushroom enjoyed as a delicacy by aborigines in Sabah and as source of income for the aborigines who collect and sell them at tamu (local market). This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity in vitro and identify potent antioxidative components of aqueous extracts of P. porrigens. The antioxidant activities were evaluated using DPPH radical scavenging ability, ABTS radical cation inhibition activity, ferric reducing/antioxidant power, and total phenolic content. Activity-guided purifications based on DPPH radical scavenging ability resulted in 5 subfractions (SF). The highest DPPH radical scavenging ability was found in SF-III and SF-IV,   but all were lower than butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and alpha-tocopherol. Analysis with high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detectors found   presence of ascorbic acid and (+)-catechin in SFs of P. porrigens, as well as some unidentified components that may have contributed to the radical scavenging   ability. In conclusion, aqueous extract of P. porrigens possesses promising antioxidant activities, although they are lesser in their partially purified SFs. Nonetheless, P. porrigens could be promoted as an antioxidant-rich food as part of a normal diet that provides antioxidative benefit.
{Author Address}: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur; School of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah.
{Language}: eng

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Finimundy, T. C.; Gambato, G.; Fontana, R.; Camassola, M.; Salvador, M.; Moura, S.; Hess, J.; Henriques, J. A.; Dillon, A. J.; Roesch-Ely, M.
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Aqueous extracts of Lentinula edodes and Pleurotus sajor-caju exhibit high antioxidant capability and promising in vitro antitumor activity
{URL}: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=23351413&query_hl=1
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Nutr Res
{Volume}: 33
{Issue}: 1
{Pages}: 76-84
{DOI}: 10.1016/j.nutres.2012.11.005
{Date Displayed}: 2013 Jan
{Date}: 2013-01-01
{Type of Work}: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
{Original Publication}: Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
{Accession Number}: 23351413
{Abstract}: Mushroom extracts are increasingly sold as dietary supplements because of several of their properties, including the enhancement of immune function and antitumor activity. We hypothesized that soluble polar substances present in mushroom extracts may show antioxidant and anticancer properties. This report shows that Brazilian aqueous extracts of Lentinula edodes and Pleurotus sajor-caju exert inhibitory activity against the proliferation of the human tumor cell lines laryngeal carcinoma (Hep-2) and cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa). Cell viability was determined after using 3 different temperatures (4 degrees C, 22 degrees C, and 50 degrees C) for mushroom extraction. Biochemical assays carried out in parallel indicated higher amounts of polyphenols in the L edodes extracts at all   extraction temperatures investigated. The scavenging ability of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical showed higher activity for L edodes extracts. Superoxide dismutase-like activity showed no statistically significant   difference among the groups for the 2 tested extracts, and catalase-like activity was increased with the L edodes extracts at 4 degrees C. The results for the cytotoxic activity from P sajor-caju extracts at 22 degrees C revealed the half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 0.64% +/- 0.02% for Hep-2 and 0.25% +/- 0.02% for HeLa. A higher cytotoxic activity was found for the L edodes extract at 22 degrees C, with half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 0.78% +/- 0.02% for Hep-2 and 0.57% +/- 0.01% for HeLa. Substantial morphological modifications in cells were confirmed by Giemsa staining after treatment with either extract, suggesting inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis with increasing extract concentrations. These results indicate that the aqueous extracts of Brazilian L edodes and P sajor-caju mushrooms are potential sources of antioxidant and anticancer compounds. However, further investigations are needed to exploit their valuable therapeutic uses and to elucidate their modes of action.
{Author Address}: Laboratory of Genomics, Proteomics and DNA Repair, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil.
{Language}: eng

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Niwa, Yukie; Matsuura, Hiroshi; Murakami, Masato; Sato, Junichi; Hirai, Keiichi; Sumi, Hajime
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Evidence That Naturopathic Therapy Including Cordyceps sinensis Prolongs Survival of Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: INTEGRATIVE CANCER THERAPIES
{Volume}: 12
{Issue}: 1
{Pages}: 50-68
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1534-7354
{Keywords}: ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; MEDICINAL PRODUCTS; STAGING SYSTEMS; HERBAL MEDICINE; LIVER-CANCER; CELLS; JAPAN; INHIBITION; BCLC; POLYADENYLATION; hepatocellular carcinoma; naturopathic therapy; Cordyceps sinensis; natural products; herbal treatment; natural antioxidants
{Abstract}: Hypothesis. Naturopathic treatment will benefit patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Study design. Retrospective analysis of case series of HCC patients treated with naturopathic agents. Methods. HCC was diagnosed by dynamic computed tomography (CT) imaging and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) or PIVKA II, or by histology. Tumor staging was determined by CT. A modified Childs-Pugh scoring was used to assess liver disease. Patients were treated with orally administered combinations of 12 naturopathic agents. Patients were monitored clinically and by CT tumor imaging, serial tumor markers, and liver function tests. Results. Patient characteristics: 101 patients with HCC (67 men and 34 women, age 67.2 +/- 8.8 years) were treated for a median of 13.4 months (range 0.8-100.8). Of these 84% had cirrhosis, 63% had hepatitis C virus, 18% had hepatitis B virus, 1% had both, and 9% had metastatic disease. Median modified Childs-Pugh score was 6 (range 3-13). Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer tumor stages of 0, A, B, C, and D were found in 36%, 25%, 20%, 14%, and 6%, respectively. Median AFP was 40 (range 0-311,000). Median PIVKA II was 59 (0-378,000). Previous treatment was included none (27%), resection with relapse (20%), transarterial chemoembolization (50%), radiofrequency ablation (28%), percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (15%), chemotherapy (14%). Outcomes: Initial treatment was with 2.6 +/- 0.8 agents (range 2-4). Overall, patients were treated with 3.7 +/- 1.2 agents (range 2-7). There was a significant correlation between number of agents administered and survival (P < .0001). Patients treated with >= 4 agents survived significantly longer than patients treated with >= 3 agents (40.2 vs 6.4 months, P < .0001). This difference could not be attributed to statistically significant differences in severity of liver disease or tumor stage, delay in treatment, previous treatment, concurrent nondrug treatment, or censoring effects. The greatest effect was seen in patients treated with at least 4 agents that included Cordyceps sinensis. This prolonged survival was without toxic side effects and appeared to potentiate the survival benefit of conventional therapy. Conclusion. Treatment of HCC with a regimen of >= 4 agents prepared from natural products was associated with prolonged survival in a substantial portion of patients. The data provide level II evidence for the efficacy of naturopathic therapy in HCC.
{Author Address}: Niwa Inst Immunol, Tosashimizu, Kochi 7870306, Japan; Tosashimizu Hosp, Tosashimizu, Kochi 7870306, Japan; Niwa Inst Immunol, Tosashimizu, Kochi 7870306, Japan; Tosashimizu Hosp, Tosashimizu, Kochi 7870306, Japan; Niwa Inst Immunol, Tosashimizu, Kochi 7870306, Japan; Tosashimizu Hosp, Tosashimizu, Kochi 7870306, Japan; Niwa Inst Immunol, Tosashimizu, Kochi 7870306, Japan; Tosashimizu Hosp, Tosashimizu, Kochi 7870306, Japan; Niwa Inst Immunol, Tosashimizu, Kochi 7870306, Japan; Tosashimizu Hosp, Tosashimizu, Kochi 7870306, Japan; Niwa Inst Immunol, Tosashimizu, Kochi 7870306, Japan; Tosashimizu Hosp, Tosashimizu, Kochi 7870306, Japan
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Japan; Japan

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Yan, Jing-Kun; Wang, Wen-Qiang; Ma, Hai-Le; Wu, Jian-Yong
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Sulfation and Enhanced Antioxidant Capacity of an Exopolysaccharide Produced by the Medicinal Fungus Cordyceps sinensis
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: MOLECULES
{Volume}: 18
{Issue}: 1
{Pages}: 167-177
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1420-3049
{Keywords}: IN-VITRO; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; ANTITUMOR ACTIVITIES; MYCELIAL CULTURE; POLYSACCHARIDES; ANTICOAGULANT; CARRAGEENANS; RADICALS; RED; Cordyceps sinensis; exopolysaccharide; sulfation; molecular weight; antioxidant activity
{Abstract}: EPS-1 was an exopolysaccharide produced by the medicinal fungus Cordyceps sinensis (Cs-HK1). In the present study, EPS-1 was sulfated with chlorosulfonic acid (CSA)-pyridine (Pyr) at different volume ratios, yielding four sulfated derivatives, SEPS-1A, B, C and D, with different degrees of substitution (DS: 0.25-1.38) and molecular weights (17.1-4.1 kDa). The sulfation of EPS-1 occurred most frequently at the C-6 hydroxyl groups due to their higher reactivity. In aqueous solution, the native EPS-1 formed random coils or aggregated networks, but the sulfated derivatives formed single helices. The antioxidant activities of the sulfated EPS-1 derivatives for scavenging hydroxyl radicals (center dot OH) and 2,2-azinobis-3-ehtylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid radicals (ABTS center dot+) were significantly increased with increasing DS and decreasing molecular weight (MW). Sulfation has thus been shown to be an effective and favorable strategy for improving the physico-chemical properties and bioactivities of fungal polysaccharides.
{Author Address}: Jiangsu Univ, Sch Food & Biol Engn, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, Peoples R China; Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Appl Biol & Chem Technol, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China; Jiangsu Univ, Sch Food & Biol Engn, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, Peoples R China; Phys Proc Agr Prod Key Lab Jiangsu Prov, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, Peoples R China; Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Appl Biol & Chem Technol, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Peoples R China; Peoples R China; Peoples R China